Improving Service Quality in Hotel and Resort

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The first chapter of report will explain the purpose of the report and why this report is important. In chapter 2, the service quality will be identified. There are two parts in this chapter: the first part will discuss concept and principle of the service quality and the following part will note the service quality models. Mainly the SERVQUAL model and the Total Quality Management (TQM) will be examined. Then in chapter 3, implementation, the chosen organisation which is the Club Mediterranean (Club Med) will be applied for the service quality model. The last chapter is conclusion of the report and the Appendices will be stated next to reference list. TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦2p Chapter 1: Introduction 1. 1 Purpose of the Report †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4p Chapter 2: Service Quality 2. 1 Principles of Service Quality †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5p 2. 2 Service Quality Models †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 6p Chapter 3: Implementation 3. 1 Background of the Club Med †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8p 3. 2 Steps of Implementation †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9p Chapter 4: Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12p Reference List †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 13p Appendices†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦15p CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1. 1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT â€Å"Service organizations exist as a function of their customers; service quality then, is the primary survival strategy† (Schneider and Chung, 1993, p. 124). Carey (2003) note that the service quality is a subject that permeates every component of the tourism industry. Especially in hotel and resort, the service quality is integral for long term survival. Therefore each company should take the service quality as serious management philosophy and have to adopt theories and models to identify gap between expectation and perception. CHAPTER 2: SERVICE QUALITY 2. 1 PRINCIPLES OF SERVICE QUALITY Service quality is defined as the degree of excellence intended that meets customer requirements (Wyckoff, 1992). However, Carey (2003) points out the service quality, the result of a comparison between the expectations of a customer and the actual service they received. Therefore, understanding gap between the expectation and the received service can be a key source of the service quality. According to Fitzsimmons and Fitzsimmons (2001), these expectations are based on several sources, including word of mouth, personal needs, and past experience. Thus, people may have more expectation on the high-rated hotel. Usually, the five-star hotels are more expensive than the lower level so customers may expect to get serviced as much as they pay. In other word, the service quality can be a primary goal for hotels to gain more profits. To put simply, better quality means better profitability and market share and when higher quality and large market share are both present, profitability is nearly guaranteed (Ross, 1993). According to Scheuing and Christopher (1993) the service quality is a powerful force that reshapes attitudes and actions toward creating customer satisfaction and loyalty, and thus, sustainable competitive advantage in an unstable environment of dynamic global competition. Accordingly, the managers who work in hospitality industry need to know not only how to manage the organisation but also how to manage the service quality to provide customer satisfaction continuously. 2. SERVICE QUALITY MODELS Levitt (1972) argues that the theories and concepts of quality and its management have adopted slowly into the service industry from manufacturing. Rather than a paradigm shift taking place, the existing quality theories and models were held in their entirety by parts of the service sector and the paradigm shift occurred when difficulties were occurred in the sector, for example, the use of only qualitative data analysis methods (Williams & Buswell, 2003). There are many service quality theories and concepts have been used such as the Statistical Process Control (SPC), Ten Benchmarks of Total Quality Control, and the 14-step Quality Improvement Programme, However, in following paragraphs will discuss two service quality models which are SERVQUAL and Total Quality Management that is known as TQM. 2. 2. 1 SERVQUAL model SERVQUAL is a survey instrument that measures service quality. According to Saleh and Ryan (1991), it was initially devised for the assessment of services within the financial sector, and consists of a 22-item, seven-point Likert Scale but not all of the issues were directly applicable to a hotel. However Martin (1986) offers a 40-item scale in the assessment of service within restaurants, and from this a number of questions were picked and adapted for hotel and finally therefore, a 33-item and five-point Likert Scale instrument was developed. There are five dimensions of service quality: reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangibles. In the guest survey, the customer will answer the questions which are based on the five dimensions. Fitzsimmons et al (2001) point out the multiple dimensions of service quality are captured in the SERVQUAL instrument, which is an effective tool for surveying customer satisfaction that is based on the service quality gap model. 2. 2. 2 Total Quality Management (TQM) Bardi (2007) states that preparation for adopting TQM is necessary to achieve success goal in hotel. Biech (1994) defined Total Quality Management (TQM) as a customer-focused, quality-centered, fact-based, team-driven, senior-management-led process to achieve an organization’s strategic imperative through continuous process improvement. In its simplest form, the TQM is a management philosophy which states that the whole organisation is working for meeting the customer’s need and expectation (Williams et al, 2003). The TQM has two major proceedings: customer requirements and expectations determination and these requirements and expectations’ deliver organising (Ross, 1993). Ross (1993) points out that the measurement of success is customer satisfaction and the only way to achieve the successive customer satisfaction is through continuous improvement by TQM. CHAPTER 3: IMPLEMENTATION: 3. 1 BACKGROUND OF THE CLUB MED Club Mediterranean (Club Med) is an international hotel chain company operating worldwide resort villages. Club Med was founded in 1950 by Gerard Blitz who is the two time Olympic medalist champion while Blitz stayed at the Olympic Club’s tent village where he had the idea to combine his passion for humanitarian causes with athleticism. The initial concept of the Club Med was to offer people to enjoy sports holidays with reasonable price. The company expanded through the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, and during 1980s it continued to diversify and decentralize, becoming ever more international (International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 1994). Today, the Club Med is with over 80 villages across 5 continents at beaches to mountain, ski resort, and even history-rich area and with its G. Os that are members of staff representing around a hundred nationalities speaking over 30 languages and it continues to emphsise its multicultural aspect. Currently the company offers five styles of holiday, so that people can choose the village that best meets their holiday expectations. The Club Med’s aim is to provide its customers with a holiday as close to perfection as possible by creating a unique atmosphere which engenders a sense of wellbeing, as well as by providing top-quality amenities, the company aims for total customer satisfaction (International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 1994). 3. 2 STEPS OF IMPLEMENTATION As the report discussed above, the Club Med can use whether SERVQUAL model or TQM method to improve the company’s service quality. However if both two model used together, it will make synergy effect on the business. First, to adopt SERVQUAL model on the Club Med, quantitative research will be used and the data are from existing the company’s record. Not only the quantitative data but also qualitative research will be used to identify the service quality gaps which brought to inconsistency between the guest expectations and the guest perceptions. The staffs of the Club Med can have in-depth and face-to-face interviews. The interviewees will be included the reception GOs, the sport activity GOs, the bar and restaurant GOs and whoever village GOs to identify the gap. This provided the researcher to recognize which department has the most contact with the GMs (gentle member that known as guest of the Club Med). Next step is for sampling procedures and in the process the reception desk or the front desk will allow information relate guest complaints. It is because of in many hotels, the front desk has high level of contact with guests and also the reception desk will receive the majority of guest complaints (Carey, 2003). The two survey populations will be the GMs and the GOs. In addition for the guests, the guest survey can be asked. For instance, the Likert Scale survey which is asking guests to rate each activity or department in a scale of 1 to 5 can be used. Currently, the Club Med is using customer satisfaction ratings virtually. According to Fitzsimmons et al (2001), the Club Med uses the questionnaire and it is mailed to all guests directly after their departure from a Club Med vacation to assess the quality of their experience in the village. The information from the survey completed by guest is used in several ways. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance (1994) points out that if there is a complaint about one of Club Med’s villages, head office immediately reports back to the village manager. After all the interviewing and surveying, data collection and analysis by coding will be necessary to identify the service gaps. Through the coding analysis, finally the Club Med can find gaps in the service process. Therefore the Club Med an get a broad response and a better understanding of guest expectations and perceptions to improve their service quality. Next, to adopt the Total Quality Management (TQM) on the Club Med, as shown in the appendix 1, there are several steps for implementing TQM. The first step is defining the mission. According to the International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance (1994), the Club Med’s aim is to provide its customers with a holiday as close to perfection as possible. Thus the company’s mission is total customer satisfaction. The second step is for identifying system output and the third is for identifying customers. To use of demographic questionnaire can be useful not only to know the guests but to set a target markets so improve systems as their requirement. Then the next step is for negotiating customers’ requirements. From the bargain, developing a â€Å"supplier specification† that details customer requirements and expectations is the next. Finally, determining the necessary activities required to fulfill those requirements and expectation will be finished the implementing TQM. On the contrary, Dale (1994) notes that number of barriers to achieving TQM that shows in appendix 2. Accordingly, the company should avoid several components as lack of commitment from senior management to service quality so the Club Med’s head office must focus on the service quality improvements continuously. The second component to avoid is fear of the changes to work patterns and processes. Thus the senior management should empower employees. Then lack of resources and no customer focus is following. To improve service quality and to adopt TQM, company has to keep focus on the customers’ requirements. For the last, without correct data collection and analysis, the Club Med can not meet improved service quality. CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION The service quality will be a major component of the future hospitality industry continuously. Therefore hotels need to manage the service quality with various theories and methods. As discussed above, this report has applied SERVQUAL and TQM on the Club Med to identify the service gaps. Accordingly, if the Club Med uses the service quality, they can reduce gap and provide customer satisfaction. The any efforts from hotel’s marketing an not be stand on long term period solely. However, the quality of the interactive service between hotelier and the guest can be possibly long term and this can be why the improving service quality is important to hotel. Both service quality theories and models’ measurement is a customer satisfaction. Thus to improve a hotel or resort’s service quality with customer satisfaction, the whole of departme nts should link and think about the service quality together so the all of employees and the senior mangers generate continuous improvements. REFERENCE LIST Bardi, J. A. , (2007). Hotel Front Office Management (4th ed. ). New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. Biech, E. (1994). TQM for Training. US: McGraw-Hill. Carey, K. L. (2003). Improving service quality in small communities: the Bahamas as a model. Las Vegas: University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Club Med. (n. d. ). Retrieved September 21, 2007, from http://www. clubmed. com. us Dale, B. G. (1994). Managing Quality (2nd ed. ). Hemel Hempstead: Prentice-Hall. Fitzsimmons, J. A. , & Fitzsimmons, M. J. (2001). Service Management: operations, strategy, and information technology (3rd ed. ). New York: McGraw-Hill. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance (1994). Sun, Sea, Sand and Service, 7(4), 18-19. Levitt, T. (1972). Production-line approach to service. Harvard Business Review. In C. Williams, J. Buswell, Service Quality in Leisure and Tourism. London: CABU Publishing. Martin, W. B. (1986). Quality Service, The Restaurant Manager’s Bible. US: Brodock Press. Saleh, F. , & Ryan, C. (1991). Analysing Service Quality in the Hospitality Industry Using the SERVQUAL Model. The Service Industry Journal, 11(3), 324-345. Schneider, B. , & Chung, B. (1993). Creating service climates for service quality. In E. Scheuing, W. Christopher (Eds. ), The Service Quality Handbook. New York: American Management Association. Snow Japan. (n. d. ). Retrieved September 21, 2007, from http://www. snowjapan. com/e/services/club-med. html Ross, J. E. (1993). Total Quality Management: text, cases, and readings. Florida: St. Lucie Press. Williams, C. , & Buswell, J. (2003). Service Quality in Leisure and Tourism. London: CABI Publishing. Wyckoff, D. D. (1992). New tools for achieving service quality. In C. H. Lovelock (Eds. ), Managing Services: marketing, operations and human resources. Hemel Hempstead: Prentice-Hall. APPENDICES [Appendix 1] Implementing TQM by †¢Defining the mission †¢Identifying system output †¢Identifying customers †¢Negotiating customers’ requirements †¢Developing a â€Å"Supplier specification† that details customer requirements and expectations †¢Determining the necessary activities required to fulfill those requirements and expectations. Source: Ross, J. E. (1993). â€Å"Implementing TQM†. Total Quality Management: text, cases, and readings. p. 2. Florida: St. Lucie Press. ) [Appendix 2] Number of barriers to achieving TQM †¢Lack of commitment from senior management to service quality †¢Fear of the changes to work patterns and processes †¢Lack of resources †¢No customer focus †¢Poor data colle ction or analysis (Source: Williams, C. , & Buswell, J. (2003). â€Å"Number of Barriers to Achieving TQM†. Service Quality in Leisure and Tourism. p. 22-23. London: CABI Publishing. )

A View from the Bridge: the Opening Scene Essay

The opening scene of Act Two marks the dramatic turning point of the play. In this scene, Catherine confronts Rodolfo over Eddie’s allegation that Rodolfo only wants to marry Catherine to be an American. However it is soon revealed that Rodolfo truly loves her. The two characters sleep together for the first time, a fact that Eddie finds out when he returns home drunk, which results in a devastating confrontation between the central characters. The seriousness and the intense emotions displayed in this scene, plus Arthur Miller’s use of dramatic devices, make this scene very dramatically effective. It is a turning point in the play because it is the first time Catherine and Rodolfo sleep together, symbolising Catherine’s transformation from a â€Å"little girl† to a grown woman; and Catherine’s ties with Eddie have finally cut as she chooses Rodolfo over Eddie. In this scene, Eddie also confronts his feelings towards Catherine as he kisses her in a fit of rage, passion and desire. This scene opens up with Alfieri’s narration. He tells the audience that Catherine and Rodolfo are â€Å"alone† in the apartment for the first time. The fact that they are alone suggests something is going to happen and sets the scene and create tension because the two characters are alone in a cramped flat without anyone to interfere and no other witnesses except the audience. The cramped apartment is dramatic device which is more obvious on stage ? the dining room is the focus of the actions, the small, claustrophobic space increases tension between the characters. The character of Alfieri serves two functions. In the play, Alfieri is the narrator, who tells the audience the story of Eddie Carbone in flashbacks, and therefore constantly reminds the readers of the tragedy that is yet to come. However he also acts as an actual character in the play ? the role of the wise lawyer, whom Eddie seeks advice from. A narrator is a typical dramatic device used often in plays, dating back to Greek tragedy, which is the style this play is written in. Catherine asks Rodolfo is he is hungry, instead he replies â€Å"not for anything to eat†. This suggests Rodolfo’s desire for Catherine and further emphasis what might happen now they are alone together. This makes the audience wonder and curious, about Rodolfo and Catherine, and also about Eddie’s reaction when he finds out. Catherine starts to ask Rodolfo a series of questions about the options of the two of them living in Italy. At first Rodolfo thinks Catherine is joking as he is smiling, as he does not know the real question Catherine is asking him. However, we as the audience understand she is testing him to see if he only wants to marry her to be an American. This is an example of dramatic irony which Miller uses to create tension and suspense as the audience wonder how Rodolfo is going to react and whether he will figure out Catherine’s true intention. We are also kept in suspense as we wait to see if Rodolfo really loves Catherine. As Rodolfo realises Catherine’s seriousness, stage directions describes that his smile â€Å"vanishes† and he is â€Å"astonished† at Catherine’s request and he walks to her â€Å"slowly†. From here, it is clear that Rodolfo recognizes something is wrong and the tension is heightened as his previous joking mood has gone and is moving onto a more unpleasant topic. Rodolfo tries to persuade Catherine by commenting Italy as having â€Å"no money†, â€Å"no business † and â€Å"nothing† and though Italy is beautiful, â€Å"you can’t cook the view†. This quote shows Rodolfo’s maturity and his understanding of reality and that he is not blinded by a mere pretty surface. As Catherine continues to pursue the idea of living in Italy, Rodolfo becomes increasingly frustrated: â€Å"There’s nothing! Nothing, nothing, nothing. † We see the characters are more emotionally charged as the argument continues; Rodolfo becomes more angry and irritable as the tension builds up, and the audience tense up as the calmer atmosphere is now disturbed by something more exciting. Finally, Catherine confesses she is â€Å"afraid of Eddie† here. This is the first time she admits her fear of Eddie and his actions to the audience, which marks another turning point of the play ? she no longer sees Eddie as a non-threatening, kind man she thought he is. There is a slight pause after Catherine’s admission. This creates tension and allows time for Catherine’s confession and is a hint to the impending tragedy sink in. However, even after this, Catherine persists with her questioning, which eventually leads to Rodolfo’s realisation: â€Å"This is your question or his question? † Therefore the penny drops as the truth comes out. From this point on, the characters confront their true feelings and give the audience further insight into the characters’ inner emotions. This quote also shows that Rodolfo is not the naive, innocent boy portrayed and seen by other earlier in the play? He is quite witty and intelligent and knows when something is going on. Rodolfo is â€Å"furious† at Eddie’s accusation of him and explains that the only reason he wants to â€Å"be an American so I can work†. This shows Rodolfo is realistic and is not just an impressionable, young, starry-eyed boy who loves America so much. This corresponds with earlier in the play with his â€Å"you can’t cook the view† speech. From here, we see another more mature, responsible side of him. This also touches on the theme of family and responsibility?  two of the things that are significant in the Italian traditions. These are shown through the way Rodolfo says that he cannot bring Catherine from a rich country to a poor one; otherwise he would be a â€Å"criminal† â€Å"stealing† her face when he cannot afford enough food for her as he would be responsible for her well-being. Catherine is â€Å"near tears† and Rodolfo is â€Å"furious† as the argument progresses. This makes the scene more dramatic as we see the characters’ emotions are displayed so raw and vividly in this scene, as indicated in the stage directions. Catherine describes Eddie as â€Å"mad all the time and nasty†, which contrasts with her earlier comments of â€Å"the sweetest guy† and â€Å"good†. This reveals that Catherine loves Eddie very much but at the same time is afraid of him as she admits herself. This paradox illustrates Catherine’s emotional turmoil and complex feelings. It also suggests that she too, knows something is wrong with Eddie’s over-the-top rage and fury about the idea of her and Rodolfo together, further emphasised by Rodolfo’s suggestion that Eddie will â€Å"spank† Catherine if she disobeys him ? that there is something dark and primal in Eddie’s feelings for Catherine. Catherine denies she is a naive â€Å"baby† like everyone thinks, which reminds us that Catherine is caught in the crossfire and has to do what everyone else’s expectation of her. However, she continues to defend Eddie as she criticises Beatrice of not being a good wife and woman to Eddie, unlike the way she can because she can â€Å"tell† and â€Å"know† what Eddie wants and needs. This almost peculiar comment deepens the audiences’ sense of unease as we suspect that something inappropriate is going on between Eddie and Catherine and that Eddie’s feeling may possibly be reciprocated. Rodolfo does not seem to realise this as he persuades Catherine to leave Eddie. Catherine then tries to change the topic and instead tells Rodolfo to â€Å"hold† and â€Å"teach† her. This shows Catherine is inexperienced. However alternatively, it can mean that she is manipulative ? when the conversation is not turning out the way she wants to, she cunningly changes the topic using her sexuality. This contrasts with the previous impression the audience have of her and suggests that she is not the saint that we think she is. She cries â€Å"softly† as Rodolfo gently leads her to the bedroom ? thus completes Catherine’s transformation from a â€Å"little girl† to a woman. It signifies Catherine’s choice of Rodolfo over Eddie as she loses her virginity to Rodolfo ? something she can never claim back, parallel to the fact she can not go back to Eddie anymore. Her ties have finally been cut. This significant event also means tragedy is inevitable as the audience know all hell will break loose when Eddie finds out. There is a little pause between the part when Rodolfo leads Catherine to the  bedroom and Eddie’s confrontation with them. During this part, no speech is spoken; it only shows Eddie’s return. This gives the audience some breathing space as tension slows down a little and to give time for the audience to prepare for the revelation Eddie is about to find out. Eddie returns home â€Å"drunk†, which creates tension as the audience anticipate trouble, and the fact that he is drunken means his behaviour would be even more aggressive and unpredictable and then making his confrontation with Rodolfo and Catherine more dramatic. Eddie sees Catherine first; the situation appears to be calm, though awkward and uneasy because the audience know that a huge thing has just happened and the calmness is just the calmness before the storm and we wait anxiously for the dreadful truth to dawn on Eddie. According to the stage direction, Rodolfo comes out of the bedroom second. Eddie sees him and his arm â€Å"jerks slightly in shock†. Rodolfo nods to him â€Å"testingly†. Eddie jerks his arm in shock implies he realises what has happened. He is in astonishment and disbelief. Rodolfo reminds the audience that Beatrice is out, which means there is no one to act as the peace-maker?  there are only three of them alone in the small, claustrophobic apartment where the atmosphere is tense and uncomfortable. There is a pause as Eddie let the revelation to sink in. the pause creates suspense as the audience wait for his catastrophic reaction. Instead, however, Eddie just tells Rodolfo to â€Å"get outa here†. A simple, short command without any explanation or discussion. This amplify the uneasiness in the atmosphere as his reaction seems strangely still to the awful knowledge he just learned, the audience are surprised by this and wonder what will happen next. Eddie grabs her arm as Catherine starts to go. This is the start and a hint to the conflict that is yet to come. Catherine starts to go. Catherine is â€Å"trembling with fright†, shows that she is really scared. She â€Å"frees her arm†, suggests that she is standing up to Eddie finally. She speaks in short sentences, creating a fast pace and urgency atmosphere Eddie tries to regain the control of the situation by commanding Catherine: â€Å"You ain’t going anywheres. â€Å" He desperately tries to make Catherine stay by use the last bit of his power to control her. When Catherine disobeys, he â€Å"draws her to him† and â€Å"kisses her on the mouth† as Eddie finally confronts his desire and feeling for Catherine. The kiss suggests there is something of a sexual desire in Eddie’s feelings, not just the simple possessiveness some fathers have of their daughters. Eddie asks Rodolfo what he is â€Å"gonna be†, thus challenging him, with Catherine as the winner’s price. Rodolfo squares up to Eddie and accept the challenge â€Å"with tears of rage†, suggesting his ego has been bruised badly. He â€Å"flies at him in attack†, which shows Rodolfo’s extreme rage at the fact Eddie has just kissed Catherine and his challenge of his manliness. However, Eddie humiliates him further as he â€Å"pins his arms, laughing, and suddenly kisses him†. This kiss is very sudden and unpredicted, so it is very shocking for the audience and we are incredulous at Eddie’s actions. This kiss is a very extreme action and we slowly realise that it is used to humiliate Rodolfo, questioning his manliness and an attempt Eddie makes to confirm his suspicion of Rodolfo’s sexuality. Catherine â€Å"tears â€Å"at Eddie’s face, while Eddie stands there with â€Å"tears rolling†. This is the point where Eddie realises he has lost and this is the point where he realises Catherine is gone from him. The audience sympathises with him because we know he truly loves Catherine and he has just lost everything he holds dear. However, he still tries to gain the control of the situation and he and Rodolfo are almost frozen with anger: â€Å"They are like animals that have torn at one another and broken up without a decision, each other waiting for other’s mood† This description compare Rodolfo and Eddie as â€Å"animals†, suggest something dark, terrifying and primal in the situation, which makes the audience feel uneasy and uncomfortable. When Eddie breaks the silence, he tells Rodolfo to get out and tells him to â€Å"watch your step, submarine. † â€Å"Submarine† is slang for an illegal immigrant. This is a warning to Rodolfo and a hint to what is going to happen. From this point on, it is clear to the audience that tragedy is inevitable because it seems that Eddie will go as far as to betray his family and report the brothers to the Immigration Bureau. We also know that if Eddie does do that, the consequence will be devastating, as foreshadowed by the Vinny Bolzano story from the very earlier on of the play. Eddie ends this act with a dreadful warning, which create suspense as to what he is going to do and grabs the audience’s attention as we wait to see his next actions even though we already suspect what he is going to do. In conclusion, the opening scene of Act Two is one of the most important and dramatic points of the play. Throughout the first act, Arthur Miller tells us of Rodolfo and Marco’s arrival and sets up the steps leading to the play’s climax ending. In Act One, the audience see the growth of Eddie’s paranoia and jealousy, slowly accumulating to his final outburst. The incident in this scene: Rodolfo and Catherine sleeping together is the final push that sends Eddie over the edge and promote him to report the cousin to the Immigration Bureau. It is in this scene Eddie’s patience runs out and in this scene he realises he has lost Catherine to Rodolfo. He confronts his feelings by kissing Catherine and humiliates Rodolfo with the shocking kiss. This scene is full of emotions which are displayed vividly to the audience through the characters’ actions and speech. The emotions grab the audience attention because we care about the characters and curious about what is going to happen.

Cultural Text Analysis Essay

Cultural texts can be described by Vanhoozer et al, as any work that is done by human beings that has a meaning because it is done intentionally and not as a fluke or by reflex. They include newspaper articles, books and other printed material, objects, images, spaces, films and music (Vanhoozer et al. , 2007, p. 248). There are a number of aspects of the English language (figures of speech) that are used in the writing of cultural texts to make the language use in the texts flowery, or even to explain some things in a deeper manner. They are also used to show the emotional intensity or to explicitly show the writer’s sense impressions by comparing one thing with another that is common or well known to the reader. Some examples of these are the use of metonyms, metaphors and connotations. A metonym can be defined as the usage of a word in a text to denote one thing while in actual fact; the word refers to a related thing. It can also be described as a situation where a word is replaced with another one that is closely associated with it (Casnig, 2009). An example of a metonym is the way people say plastic to mean credit cards or the way they say Washington, while what they actually mean to refer to is the United States Government. A metaphor on the other hand is defined as the comparing of two things without using words ‘like’ or ‘as’. They are a good way to put an image into the mind of the reader in regards to the message that they are trying to convey. Improper use however could mean that the message that the writer is trying to convey will not be understood properly (Wheeler English, 2010). An example when it comes to its use is when used in a sentence, when somebody says, â€Å"†¦her hair is snow white. † Here, the color of hair is being compared to the color of the snow, but there is no use of the words ‘like’ or ‘as’, and thus this makes the expression a metaphor. When it comes to connotations, these are ideas that are implied or suggested. They refer to the connections or associations that are connected to certain words or even the emotional suggestions that are related to the word in question (Word Reference. com, 2010). An example of this could be the way the word snake if used in reference to a person could be used to mean that the person is evil or dangerous. It could also mean that the person is crafty and not open and honest in their dealings with people. The cultural texts that I am going to use to show how metonyms, metaphors and connotations have been used are: a film on Eyes on the Prize Interviews. The specific interview in this case is the Rosa Parks interview that was done on November 14, 1985, and was produced by Blackside Inc. The interview was gathered as part of Eyes on the Prize: America’s Civil Rights Years (1954-1965). The second cultural text will be an article titled â€Å"Walking while Muslim† which is an article that was written in the year 2005 by Margaret Chon and Donna E. Arzt. Finally, I am also going to look at Everyday Theology: How to Read Cultural Texts and Interpret Trends which is a book written by Kevin J. Vanhoozer, Charles A. Anderson and Michael J. Sleasman. In the film on an interview with Rosa Parks, examples of metonyms that have been used are: when she is asked by the interviewer about how segregated their area was, she says, â€Å"In 1954, after the Supreme Court decision had been handed down to do away with uh, segregation in the public schools†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Here, Supreme Court is a metonym for judges or juries, because in actual fact, they are the ones that make rulings in court. Another example is when Rosa Parks refers to the bus as being ‘packed’, which is a metonym for full, or filled to capacity. When it comes to connotations, an example of one is when the interviewer asks her, â€Å"How did you feel about sparking the boycott†¦? † The word spark here is used to mean that she was the one who agitated or stirred the people into action. Another connotation is when she refers to people as blacks and whites in her interview. This is a connotation of the African Americans and the American people (Washington University Film and Media Archive, 1985). In the article, â€Å"Walking while Muslim†, there are also some figures of speech that have been used in its content. Examples here are the use of connotations where it is said that the United Nations standing committee is toothless. What this means is that they have no power in terms of the functions that they are allowed to carry out. It is also shown when it is said that the international human rights enforcement systems are expected to have a better track record than the UN in the protection of human rights. The phrase track record is used here to refer to the record of their actual performance and accomplishments. This is because in the literal sense, track record means a documentation of speeds that an athlete runs or has been running over a period of time. Metaphors have also been used where the International Human Rights law is being likened to a guardian of religion. Here, the law and guardian have been compared without the use of ‘as’ or ‘like’. There is also an example of a connotation where they say that Jihad is one of the Islamic beliefs that are perceived as religious zealotry directed at non-Muslims. The word Jihad here is used as a connotation of the violent aggression of Muslims towards non-Muslims or secular people (Chon, M. and Arzt, D. , 2005). In the book, Everyday Theology: How to Read Cultural Texts and Interpret Trends, figures of speech have also been used in this context. Examples of some of these are: one of the characters in the book, Kevin Warwick—a leading researcher and professor of cybernetics at the University of Reading, says he is a cyborg. This is a metaphor because he is comparing himself to a being that is part human, part machine. In the book also, there is also a section where biotechnology is likened to a savior, and also where we are told that we should offer ourselves as living sacrifices. In this case, we are being directly compared to sacrifices (animals that are usually offered to God in order to appease him or thank him for something). There is also the use of metonyms where it says that â€Å"whatever label we choose to wear,† referring to the title that we choose to have because in actual fact, we cannot wear a label. Another metonym that I have discovered is when the author says that as Christians, they may fail to see the way the world looks at those who believe that the present is all that there is. Here, the ‘world’ does not refer to the physical globe, but to the people who are non-believers. It is a word that is commonly substituted for those who are not adherents of Christianity (Vanhoozer, K. et al, 2007). References Casnig, J. (2009). Metonymy. [Online]. Available at: http://knowgramming. com/metonymy. htm Accessed on: May 28 2010 Chon, M. and Arzt, D. (2005). Walking while Muslim. [Online]. Available at: http://www. law. syr. edu/Pdfs/0WWM_ChonArzt. pdf Accessed on: May 28 2010. Meginsson, D. (2007). Connotations and Denotations. [Online]. Available at: http://www. writingcentre. uottawa. ca/hypergrammar/conndeno. html Accessed on: May 28 2010 Vanhoozer, K. , Anderson, C. , and Sleasman, M. (2007). Everyday Theology: How to Read Cultural Texts and Interpret Trends. Michigan: Baker Publishing Group. Washington University Film and Media Archive. (1985). Interview with Rosa Parks. [Online]. Available at: http://digital. wustl. edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx? c=eop;cc=eop;rgn=main;view=text;idno=par0015. 0895. 080 Accessed on: May 28 2010. Word Reference. Com. (2010). Connotation. [Online]. Available at: http://www. wordreference. com/definition/connotation Accessed on: May 28 2010.

Supporting viewpoint of employee privacy rights in the workplace Essay

Supporting viewpoint of employee privacy rights in the workplace - Essay Example Moreover, the law tends to favor the employers in litigation, viewing the network and communication devices as the property of the employers (Burnette and Rickman, 2004; Twarog, 2005). Also, employers need to collect data on employers to ensure that their potential and current employees are able to perform their jobs safely and honestly (Quann, 1992). Drug and alcohol abuses by employees would compromise safety and expose the employers to liabilities (Quann, 1992). Dishonest employees might use the company electronic mails for their personal and private use during office hours (Burnette and Rickman, 2004). This will reduce productivity (Burnette and Rickman, 2004). On the other hand, employees too have their rights. Employers can only control them in work related areas. When employers cross the line, they risk infringing employee privacy rights (Quann, 1992). The law favors the employees in such cases. For example, a railroad was slapped with $485,000 in damages for terminating a computer operator on grounds of her refusing to undergo a random drug test (Quann, 1992). The court ruled that the job of a computer operator is "not safety related" and therefore not a business necessity (Quann, 1992). Aside from facing potential costs in damages, employee productivity will also drop if they feel that their dignity have been violated (Burnette and Rickman, 2004). Also, the case for monitoring employees' use of electronic resources is productivity. On the contrary, some scholars claim that monitoring the use of electronic resources by employees is counterproductive (Burnette and Rickman, 2004). The protection of employee privacy rights by allowing them to surf the Internet occasionally without monitoring them can increase employee morale, productivity, and loyalty (Burnette and Rickman, 2004). On the contrary, studies have shown that morale and productivity drop when employers monitor employees' use of electronic resources (Burnette and Rickman, 2004). The drop in morale and productivity is heightened in times of emergency (Burnette and Rickman, 2004). Worse still, the stress of knowing that Internet and electronic mails usage are monitored might lead to higher turnover (Burnette and Rickman, 2004). A high turnover of employees could increase costs in finding replacements for the resigning employees, training the new employees, and decreased p roductivity while the new employees pick up the job (Burnette and Rickman, 2004). Also, the protection of employee privacy rights is important for multinational companies (Frauenheim, 2006). Although U.S. law is relatively silent on this subject, employee privacy rights are well governed by the law in other countries such as in Europe (Frauenheim, 2006). Regulations exist on the type of data employers can gather about their employees, the rights employees have with regards to the data, and the transfer of the data to other parts of the world (Frauenheim, 2006). Moreover, performance evaluation and appraisal might not reflect the true value of the employees to the organization when monitoring employees (Burnette and Rickman, 2004). Surely, inaccurate performance evaluation does not lead to business success. Furthermore, a breach of employee information could be damaging to an organization's reputation (Frauenheim, 2006), which is at odds with

Phase 3 Discussion Board Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Phase 3 Discussion Board - Assignment Example Based on the above argument, it is my pleasure to report that the most important decision to make is to improve the level of quality of our services. As a production department, there is a need to look for all the available resources which can enable us to improve our efficiency. This means that proper measures should be taken to improve the general conditions of the working environment. If it is properly done, it will have long term benefits to the company since it will be crucial in accomplishing its objectives. The first decision to make is to improve the efficiency of the machines. In the production department, several equipments need to be used. However, for them to be helpful to the company, they should be in a good condition. In this regard, the company should acquire modern and up to date machines to use in the production process. A part from this, deliberate measures should be taken to ensure that the efficiency of the available equipments is improved. This can be done by up dating them and giving them the necessary maintenance. For instance, if there is any worn out part, it should be repaired or replaced. Thus, it will be possible for the organization to improve the efficiency of these machines. The other decision to make is to reorganize the scheduling process of production. In order to be more efficient, it is necessary for the production department to readjust the time schedule of the production process. Since time is a very important resource for the company, it should not be misused any more. Instead, the management should come up with measures to ensure that all the activities are planned (Gomez-Mejia, 2008). Once everything is done as per the schedule, the operations will smoothly run without any delay. This will be a great step towards improving our service delivery. At the same time, it will help in establishing a good rapport with our

Forces Industry Analysis of the PC Industry Essay - 18

Forces Industry Analysis of the PC Industry - Essay Example As stated by Yoffie & Rossano (2012), in its early years during the 1990s, the industry was dominated by â€Å"Wintel†, which was a merged form of Windows OS brand and the Intel brand. However, with the increasing demands for internet and other technology developments, the PC industry has today become comparatively open and flexible to allow new entrants in terms of â€Å"no-name clone makers†. Nevertheless, the industry is regarded to be one of the most capital-intensive investment sectors encompassing rigid legal and trade norms which restrict the authentication of new players to gain a long-run sustainable foothold. High degree of innovation requirements to mitigate competitive barriers also tends to restrict the new entrants in the market lowering the risk of entry by potential competitors (Yoffie & Rossano, 2012). The consumption pattern and the quantity demanded by the buyers in the PC industry have been changing over the past few years, especially with the rising demand in emerging global markets. The buyers of the PC industry can be categorized into five sections comprising the household, the Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs), large industry, governmental sectors and education sectors. Even though the numbers of buyers in each segment are increasing rapidly in the industry context, the household consumers of the PC market can be identified as the largest buying group in the industry. Additionally, with the availability of only a few large brands within the industry, the growing numbers of buyers tend to have the greater bargaining power to steer the industry competition (Yoffie & Rossano, 2012).

IPAD VS TABLET Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

IPAD VS TABLET - Essay Example This product has the best Ios application store which facilitates wider selection (Stanton's). IPad as compared to its competitors has continued to improve its products coming up with varieties. These generational have additional improvement and tweaks enabling it to being the best tablet. The existing and the prospective consumers always expect new and additional features on the IPad thus attributing to consolidated customer base and loyalty (Weinstein 62). The following are the key notable features which make IPad more distinct and better placed in the market with other competing products. Retina display IPad has a beautiful and large display thus making the user to have a better experience as compared with the display of other similar competing products (iPad). The IPad Retina display feature has remarkable resolution of 2048 by 1536 which is further enhanced by rich colour saturation and 3.1 million pixels. The pixels are a number of times more than other competing products scram bling for the same market. The IPad pixels are very close together thus enabling the viewer to be able to have a total different view of the photos, articles images and enabled record of HD video in full as well as the improved new Face Time HD camera. Improved device performance IPad have new generational products which are considered most powerful by its customers. It has a high speed delivery performance in both the CPU and its graphics performance (iPad). This makes IPad faster and more responsive compared with other competing products (Stanton's). IPad applications launch faster and they run smoothly, making it cool is the graphics-intensive games which are lifelike enhanced by the gorgeous Retina display. Also in built is the fast and improved image signal process which makes IPad camera sharper and a more clear display compared to other products. Built-in applications The IPad users find it more extraordinary in using IPad applications as compared to other products. These app lications are characterized with new adventures with easy performance of many tasks. IPad has more than 275000 apps from its apps store which are beautiful and immersive which have been designed to perform various tasks. This enhances performance of the many tasks on a single device and this is impossible in other devices. With these characteristics and attributes IPad has become a notable competitive product in its market and admired by its existing and potential customers. Market Segment Description Apple Company has constantly added more features and specifications on its major product iPad in order to appeal more prospective buyers. With the above mention key important features and characteristics this product is better position for the completion in the underlying market segments (Weinstein 108). The iPad mainly targets individual customers who want to perform tasks without being dependent on the keyboards. The target market segment for Apple’s iPad is majorly businessme n and professionals who need portable, accessible and easy to operate devices for the various tasks. Another key market segment is that of the young customers comprising mainly of the students, this is attributed by the trendy and innovative features and iPad design with variety of selections (Pickton 78). It is also notable that the market segment of the older people is emerging. This diversification of the market segment resulted into iPad gaining popularity and has become widely accepted in the global

Skin cancer is an important health issue in Australia and is connected Research Paper

Skin cancer is an important health issue in Australia and is connected to the National Health Priority Area Cancer Control' - Research Paper Example e Sun smart 2013) gives figures of more than 434,000 Australian people being treated for one or more non-melanoma cancers every year and, in the case of melanomas, 11,500 people require treatment annually. According to Right Diagnosis (2014) skin cancer is recorded as the tenth most common cause of deaths from cancer within Australia. These cancers also account for roughly 80% of all newly diagnosed Australian cancers ( Cancer Council of Australia 2014). Despite advances made in recent years, skin cancers are still being caused as a result of skin damage by the sun, and so are preventable. There are three types of skin cancer, melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma, and of these the first , melanoma, is the most aggressive and dangerous ( University of Michigan Health System , 2013). As well as affecting many lives in negative ways , it also increase costs for the health services, as well as using up many resources, so adequate prevention is a positive intervention. In 1996 the first ever International Conference on Health Promotion, took place in Ottawa, Canada, on the 21st November ( WHO 2014). The conference advocated income, sustainable resources, peace, shelter, education, food, social justice, a stable eco-system and equity. The prevention of childhood skin cancers would fit into this, as prevention programmes must be available to all affected equally as an act of social justice. Income to pay for any strategy is needed , as is education on the topic, and the provision of sustainable resources, and even shelter from the sun’s rays. According to Slowik ( 2012) ultra violet rays (UV rays) are part of the section of sun light hidden to normal human view. Over exposure to UV rays can cause damage to DNA, the genetic material contained in the body’s cells. In the skin cells these genes control the ways in which skin cells grow and their health. Norby ( undated) refers to thyamine dimers which are a pair of adjacent

Has the UN Lived Up to the Ideals of Its Founders Essay

Has the UN Lived Up to the Ideals of Its Founders - Essay Example As the essay discusses the United Nations was formed with several aims; for instance, ensuring that peace prevailed worldwide and developing strong relationships among nations, among others. This essay will discuss the various objectives of the United Nations and whether it lives up to the ideals of its founders to date.From this study it is clear that the main aim of the United Nations was to ensure that peace prevailed throughout the world, that nations would develop friendly relationships, working together to assist people in living better lives through elimination of poverty, illiteracy, and diseases globally. In addition, the UN aims at bringing to a stop environmental degradation, as well as fostering democracy and respect for each other’s rights. Therefore, the United Nations is the main organization that assists countries in achieving the above aims.  Generally, the UN has several principles that guide its operations; first, member states are expected to obey the Uni ted Nations charter, and must have sovereign equality. In addition, the member states are expected to settle their differences peacefully and amicably; nation should also avoid use of force, however, the United Nations does not interfere with the affairs of any country. Nevertheless, the initial aim of the formation of the United Nations in 1945 was to foster peace among nations by ending wars between countries.... In addition, the UN aims at bringing to a stop environmental degradation, as well as fostering democracy and respect for each other’s rights (United Nations publications, 2000). Therefore, the United Nations is the main organization that assists countries in achieving the above aims. Generally, the UN has several principles that guide its operations; first, member states are expected to obey the United Nations charter, and must have sovereign equality. In addition, the member states are expected to settle their differences peacefully and amicably; nation should also avoid use of force, however, the United Nations does not interfere with the affairs of any country. Needless to say, these countries are expected to assist the United Nations in fostering a peaceful world (United Nations publications, 2000). Nevertheless, the initial aim of the formation of the United Nations in 1945 was to foster peace among nations by ending wars between countries. Has the UN lived up to the idea l of it founders? Today, the united nation has grown from the initial 57 states to 193 member states, fostering human rights and peace, which are its main focus globally. In 1945, the founders of United Nations responded to the effects of World War II, by emphasizing on the human rights in their charter, which was signed in June the same year (United Nations, 1996). As a result, respect for human rights is a major concern for the United Nations; therefore, this organization has formed an international criminal court that examines human rights issues. In addition, the United Nations has fostered awareness of human rights via mass communications; among the issues

Facilitating Changes In Health and Social Care Essay

Facilitating Changes In Health and Social Care - Essay Example These changes include legal, political, demographic, organizational, technology, and cultural. Poor change in management never works well as it creates resistance and stress. It is essential for the manager to learn an effective way on how to manage the change and help others in this crucial continual process for there to be service delivery that is effective. This paper introduces the readers to a variety of factors that can influence change. Furthermore, it provides the effect of the change to the users, staffs and organization, and the key principles of change management that is successful. The political factor is one of the factors that have a significant impact on the health and social care services. There is the introduction of some key changes by the Act of Social care and Health to the NHS in England. These changes came into existence on April 1, 2013. Some of these changes included; providing the clinical commission groups a good budget to obtain care on behalf of the local community. Also, the shifts of many responsibilities which have historically been in the Health Department to a new NHS Commission Board that is politically independent. Furthermore, the health and social act has a health specific economic regulator with the responsibility to guard against practices that are anti-competitive and also to move all NHS trust to foundation trust status (Peate, 2012). Another factor that drives change is the economic factor. Sin the year 2002, the NHS has operated on the basis of the market with a split between the provider of health care and purchase. From January 2006 and continues, every patient could choose there secondary care from their hospital of choice, and this created competition among the hospitals to attract the patients and secure their revenue. Quite numbers of researchers have examined the impact of this competitive market on clinical outcome. However, the researchers found some positive outcomes findings; competition has been

E-commerce in International Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

E-commerce in International Marketing - Essay Example If you pay via cash, check, credit card, etc. The major difference between the two is that in E-Business a firm is utilizing web based resources to promote its products and in E-Commerce the company is only operating virtually using a web based interface to interact with its customers. International Marketing differs in E-business and E-Commerce. As in E-Business a firm might not be catering to all the countries with the same website, but in E-Commerce a firm needs to change its catalog only according to the products that it's offering to different countries. For example in E-Commerce a product might be available for the customers of U.S. but not for the customers of Canada hence customers from different countries need to specify their country in order to be able to see what's available to them. Likewise if a product is marketed in E-Commerce internationally, only the common aspects of the international markets its being sell to are used in making an international marketing strategy. But in E-Business the company can create different websites for different international markets it's selling in; hence E-Business in international marketing differs from country to country. ... Other factors that play a part are the demand, supply of that product and whether it's a necessity or a luxury product. The technological infrastructure should be efficient in delivering automated replies to customers, it should provide necessary and related information to the customer. The infrastructure should provide backup in time of problems. When developing an internet marketing strategy in relation to international marketing its important to considered some aspects of the market. The most important is to design the website using the language of the country. Other aspects include making web advertisements according to the cultures and norms of the country that the market belongs to this can be achieved by viewing the local websites of the market. Internet can play a major part for any organization in achieving its objective in the international market for marketing its product. This source of marketing is cheaper and more effective as more people surf the internet. It's easier for the customers to learn about the organizations product sitting at home. On television a viewer can only watch but on internet the customer can get answers to his or her questions apart from viewing information about the product. Another important concept is the language factor a if a website can be viewed by an international customer in his or her own language than he will get a better understanding of the product. Ans.3 As I have to explore and implement various ways of E-Business for my organization, the first step would be to know about the markets that have high demand for our products. The second step would be to select markets that have technological support

Associates Capstone Essay Example for Free

Associates Capstone Essay Executive Summary In going through some of things regarding buying the business I think Mike should make sure that the coffee shop is up to code. He should talk to officials about required standards, for running a coffee shop, licenses; the different laws for having the shop in Sunnydale, Illinois, all of will be needed and will help to keep the restaurant running properly inside and out. It is also important that he reviews each file for all employees making sure all documents that are needed for hire are there, reading through and seeing the difference in their duties and the performance prior to him buying the shop and respond accordingly and whatever decisions he makes with each one or if hiring new document all that is done to cover himself within the law. Going through the business files and reading the comments given by customers is important for this will help to give him proper information on what is liked and dislike about the coffee shop and making a plan to change things or get new things to keep them satisfied and coming back, for ex: as accepting credit cards for payments as well as cash. Going more into the business files checking on the finances and accounting is important to be sure all is accounted for, profits are being make and what the next plan would be according to what is found. This will also help in what they are spending for supplies and necessities and where he can save money and use it for other things needed, also go over the income part to see where they can change prices and get better ideas compare the coffee shop to the competitors place and prices. Also make sure all appliances are up to date and properly handle according to code. After reviewing all of these things an going forward making a proper business plan and procedures of moving forward will give Mike a properly ran business with happy customers coming in and employees glad to keep it running and making profits. Regulations In reviewing some of the personnel files on the employees it seems you will have to definitely put together a company/employee/personnel manual. This will help with the government regulations for the State in which the coffee shop is in and it will also spell out what the Company will expect of the employees and what they expect in terms of benefits and other topics related to employment. (The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Starting Your Own Business, page 203). Be sure that when creating this manual you have included all the necessary rules that you want and intend to enforce, (no drinking on the job, no smoking in the workplace, excessive tardiness, or absenteeism, no sexual harassment, no discrimination in the workplace, no stealing and all other rules that will be enforced, then have a meeting with the current employees and any new employee to review before getting started and have them each sign it to keep in their personnel files. This will let them know that you intend to en force these rules and if not followed the consequences could be termination. Management First thing I would do is create a business plan, Mike is considered the Strategic Manager for the coffee shop and he will need to create a plan, organize it, lead it and control the outcome of all that will happen within the business. He will need to focus on the long term goals of the shop and once he has these can move forward in communicating with the employees. He will then need to meet with each of the employees individually to go over their files, be sure to update them with all proper paperwork and they are legal to work. When discussing things with them do not bring up personal topics: marital status, race, religion, etc. for this would be a violation and is not permitted during any type of interview or meeting with an existing employee or new employee. You can let them know the good things about working for you at the shop and even some things that are not so good, make sure the employee knows what work they will be doing and agrees to it and they will be able to perform these duties, you can also see if they have questions regarding the manual and take care of it at that moment have them sign indicating they have read and understand it. I think he should also review the break room and clean it up putting up the proper documents on the board and take down all that unnecessary stuff on it. He needs to have posted the proper documents of the law with minimum wage and health. The only other thing up there could be the schedule and notes of reminders of what needs to be done. He then should take care of the stock room and office to have them both properly cleaned up things in right places. Once all these things have been accomplished it will make for a better organized area and easier for him to control and lead his employees and have a well established running coffee shop. Finance and Accounting Reviewing the finances is important; it seems they have a very high salary expense (for a coffee shop) and supplies expense that needs attending to. This means checking with other suppliers and their prices. As for the salaries we would need to go over everyone’s positions held and the salary they are being paid and make sure it fits with their positions and pay scale. As I continued going through the files I noticed the income tax/employment tax and other forms were still from 2006, need to get all those updated from previous owner or get them taken care of and all financial and payroll taxes to date. Not filing properly for state taxes/employment/unemployment is a violation and subject to penalties. I would also review the loan that was taken out on the freezer and be sure all payments had been made previously on time and see what the payoff is, he may be able to save monies on paying it off then paying the extra interest each month. Once all of these are reviewed and items that need attention either corrected or forms filled out and all things brought to date, Mike will have a better understanding of the numbers and all within in the business to get him started and ready to go. Make the decisions on what actions need to be taken to achieve these goals. This is part of the strategic planning of the long term goals for the company; it covers major portions of the company. Organizing, Joe will have to get organize the departments, get the right people in place, create the proper systems needed to properly run the company, bring together all resources needed to have it run properly. Now he will have to take these and lead his employees under him to want to be there and work and give there all, with motivation and communication. He will maintain good contact with them to give them what they need to keep the company running properly with all he has organized. Proper leading of employees will help to give more of themselves to produce quality work by giving guidance and inspiration to them. Leading takes place in many areas of the business not just from the top, also from teams, divisions and departments. He will also set values and mission with his leading. Now the last part of the management function is controlling, taking all of the planning, organizing and leading and controlling it to keep it functional. All the other functions isn’t the success of the company it is the monitoring the performance and make changes where necessary. He needs to make sure the plans are being used and goals are being met within the company, also needs feedback in all areas so that he can make changes, to processes, procedures where needed. Financial Statements Checking to be sure all the financial statements have been done and balanced is very important. In checking the business files it seems they balanced but not all were completed, this will help to know where the business stands and where changes could be made. There are 4 parts to the financial statements, income statement, balance sheet, cash flows and owner’s equity. I only noticed 2 of the 4 mentioned in the business files each one of these statements has its own meaning that should be understood even if Mike plans to have someone else handle it, income statement will let him know whether or not the business is profitable, it totals the revenue and then subtracts the expenses associated with making that revenue; results being the pretax profit and after taxes are paid net income. These statements can be done monthly, yearly, quarterly or year to date, I think for Mike monthly would be good for it will show how much he has sold and what it cost to create the sales each month. The balance sheet is a snapshot of how things are at a particular moment, shows the amount of assets and liabilities at a particular point and time, where his income statement shows the flow of money in and out of the company in a specific time frame. His cash flow statement could be the most important for it will tell him whether or not he has enough cash to pay the bills. This statement will reflect investments, borrowing, etc. and other balance sheet changes. The key challenge is that he will need to keep more cash coming in than going out especially with just starting out. His owner’s equity will be the portion of the balance sheet which shows what is left over when all liabilities are subtracted from all assets. This is the number he wants to maximize because it can reflect th e book value of his company. Once Mike has reviewed all of these and are updated he will know what changes will need to be made within the coffee shop from many points. Problem Solving Problem solving and decision making are very important factors in every managers or persons within their business, even in the Coffee Shop for Mike. He will have things that happen or a daily basis and even on an hourly basis in which his skills as the owner and manger are in demand. He may at first with many as a reaction to things react against it, which can cause a downward spiral. He may look at the past and use the old way to fix a current problem and that usually doesn’t work. Mike will need to have a planned approach and then execute it. By doing this he will avoid having the same problem over and over again and use doesn’t continually solve a different problem the same way as the other. There are a few approaches he can take, he can define the problem, look at the potential causes, find different ways to solving the problem, choose which solution is best, make the action plan and then monitor and verify the solution. By doing these things it will help to ensure all is working properly as it should after the solution has been decided. Mike can use these basic steps in his new role as Owner/Manager of the Coffee Shop, making this plan to solve a problem and the decision will make for a better team in the Coffee Shop. Reference(s) Management, Bateman and Snell, Chapter 1 and Chapter 4, 2010 http://ezinearticles.com/?Top-Level-of-Managementid=20181389 The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Starting Your Own Business, Fourth Edition by Edward Paulson http://www.brighthub.com/office/project-management/article/87158.aspx

A Study Of Leonardo Da Vinci

A Study Of Leonardo Da Vinci Leonardo Da Vincis diligent research, scientific concepts, and numerous inventions prove to be crucial parts of the modern world. He has shown that with hard work and patience, anything can be achieved. Leonardo excelled in anatomy, physics, engineering, and the arts. Leonardo Da Vinci followed the philosophy that the truth would lead him, as opposed to himself leading the truth, meaning that he would not lie about the truth to become famous. With this thought, Leonardo pursued a never-ending adventure to seek truth. To seek the truth, Leonardo went into anatomy, which was one of his strong points. Some say that Da Vinci is the father of anatomy and that his discoveries of the human body greatly affected the world, during the Renaissance and in present day. With his skills in drawing, Leonardo chose to sketch his discoveries, in anatomy, rather than writing about them like most other scientists in the 1500s. He thought that it was more efficient and was more easily explained. As they say, a picture is worth a thousand words. Leonardo Da Vinci greatly increased the knowledge society has acquired over the years through countless dissections of the human body. His fascination for the human body led him to many great discoveries. It had been thought by the many Renaissance scientists that the male was more crucial than the female, but Da Vinci thought differently. Leonardo was credited as the first to dissect a womans body; he found that the female body was much more complex than that of the male body. He then concluded that the female played the more important role in reproduction than the counterpart male. Because of his ambition, he went farther than dissecting a female, and was credited as the first to dissect a fetus. Through dissection, Leonardo understood the human body better than most other doctors and scientists of his time. Through his dissections, Leonardo discovered that major arteries had become clogged with substances in dead human bodies. Leonardo concluded that depending on what foods individuals ate, the substance was more likely to build up in the major arteries. This means that Leonardo Da Vinci discovered heart disease and could have saved millions of lives, but because he never published any of his discoveries and research, it was not taken seriously. One of the motives of his anatomical career was to hopefully find the location of the soul within the human body. Along with finding the soul, he drove to find the Golden Ratio which is a mathematical equation, dealing with the size and proportions of the body, which was thought to be common between all human beings. In the 1500s, dissection of the dead broke many religious rules and was frowned upon by society. It was also a very risky activity because it was not sanitary. Because of the Black Plague, any job dealing with dead corpses was dangerous to the workers, but this did not stop Leonardo. Leonardo would let nothing stand in his way to gain knowledge. Sadly in 1514, five years before he passed away, Leonardo was sent to the Vatican in Rome to be examined by the Pope and the cardinal staff. Every note he had taken in his pursuit of anatomical success was brought along and also examined. Leonardo was unofficially being charged with multiple counts of necromancy and witchcraft. Because Leonardo was such a crucial member to society, the Pope, Leo X, ordered Leonardo to cease his anatomical research. Although Leonardos career of anatomy ended, his notes and drawings of his anatomical research were passed along and are still used today. Although Leonardo never published any of his work, there is a large amount of evidence that he discovered everything he was credited for. If not for his extensive journaling and note taking, there would be almost no evidence of Leonardo Da Vincis success. By writing down all of his thoughts and studies, he compiled multiple notebooks and journals. Some journals consisted of 13,000 pages. Almost everything he ever thought was recorded in those notes. Those thoughts range from babies to helicopters, and everything in-between. When Leonardo Da Vinci fled to Venice because of the invading French, he was employed as the head Military Engineer. In Venice, he made multiple inventions to protect the city walls and to scale the city walls. Along with war machines, like the military tank that he invented, Leonardo also invented an assortment of musical instruments, a steam powered cannon, finned mortar shells to increase accuracy, and crank mechanisms. Leonardo Da Vinci was fascinated by the flight of birds and tried to recreate flight. Leonardo tried to recreate flight by using man-powered flying contraptions, gliders, and helicopters. In most of his inventions, Leonardo used pulleys, gears, and springs to accomplish the impossible. To power many of his inventions, Leonardo used the water wheel in flowing water. Leonardo not only made inventions for flight but also inventions to accomplish tasks in the water. Da Vinci invented the life preserver, an unsinkable ship, at the time, with two hulls, ways to sink ship s from underwater, shoes to walk on water, and a device to breathe underwater. In 1478, Leonardo and his master Verrocchio jointly painted the Baptism of Christ. This painting is known worldwide for its beauty, lifelike figures, and stunning background. In the 1480s, Da Vinci started three paintings, but only finished one. Leonardo Da Vinci entered a depression in the 1480s which caused him to not finish the two other paintings. In 1498, Leonardo finished The Last Supper which depicted Jesus Christ and His disciples having His last meal before being crucified by Pontius Pilate. The Last Supper was and still is an incredibly famous painting, but because Leonardo used his own mix of paint, instead of the normal fresco paint, the painting quickly deteriorated but is still visible. Along with The Last Supper, in 1507 Leonardo finished Mona Lisa, which is another world famous painting. Because he used the fresco paint, the painting is still well preserved. Without Leonardo Da Vinci, the modern world would be much changed. Through his extensive research and studies, Leonardo has provided modern day with new medical studies based off of his. Leonardos well written and drawn notes and journals are still being analyzed and being applied to modern medicine, while his beautiful paintings provide an insight into the culture of the Renaissance time period. In all, Leonardo Da Vinci has proven himself, time and again, that he is a genius.

Marriage Essay -- essays research papers

Marriage Marriage is the bond between two people of the opposite sex that have went in front of a minister and exchanged vows. Marriage is different for every one, and I have been influenced a great deal by my parents. My parents have been married for the past 26 years and they will probably stay that way the rest of their lives. However marriage is not what it once was, today you have people getting into a marriage for other reasons than love and knowing that they can get out of the marriage if they feel any anxiety or conflicts of interest. Marriage is a special bond that has been destabilized over the years. Twenty years ago values and beliefs about marriage were very different. People did not think about the easy way out, divorce. My mother and father have been married for the past twenty-six years and the times have not been easy for either one of them, however, they were raised in a way that divorce was not an option. Both my mother’s parents and my father’s parents have or had been married to the same person their whole lives. Parents believe that marriage is the friendship and closeness which two people share for the rest of their lives.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I am a product of my parents and I have much of the same values and beliefs that they have. I was engaged to a girl for a year and a half before I came to a realization that she was not the one that I wanted to settle down with for the rest of my life. I think marriage is a life long companionship. I am glad that I did not...

Good Food Industry :: essays research papers

GOOD FOODS INCORPORATED   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Good Food, Incorporated (GFI) is a company founded on the belief that children can grow up healthier and live longer if they are fed a natural, nutritionally balanced diet starting earlier in life. GFI’s goal is to increase awareness of this link between diet and health.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Good Food Industry was a start up business with three principals presently involved in its development. GFI’s principals have researched and developed a line of unique children’s food products based on the holistic health concept. The holistic concept, which health food consumer determined was widely accepted among adult consumers of health foods, was new to child-care field. Hence GFI planned to take advantage of the opportunities for market development and penetration that its principals were confident exists. GFI also believed that the existing baby-food industry paid only cursory attention to providing high quality, nutrition products, and that the limited number of truly healthy and nutritious baby foods created a market void that GFI could successfully fill.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Market Research During its market research phase, GFI engaged â€Å"Vick Product Sales Research Corporation† as its marketing and advertising consulting company. Vick prepared reports on industry trends for the traditional children’s food industry and healthy food industry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vick’s market research showed that the United States was entering a â€Å"mini baby boom† that would increase the potential market base for its products. Health food products would approach the market place primarily through the health food stores and nature food centres in major supermarket chain stores, initially in the northwest and California. Acceptance of the GFI concept in these areas would enable The Company to expand to a national market. Market Definition   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  GFI planned to direct its efforts to the sale of its health care products through the health food retail outlets and natural food centres located within major supermarkets. Geographically, the company would initially direct its efforts in two key areas: Northeast, especially around New York City: and particularly in the Reno, Nevada and Sacramento, California area. Both areas had a high concentration of adult health food consumers who GFI had found, through market research and analysis, to be most receptive to health concepts for children. According to this market research the specific target markets that GFI would approach through these outlets were: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Parents who were concerned about their health and their children’s health and who thus demand higher quality and more nutritionally lanced foods and products. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Operators of child-care centres who provide meals to children. Good Food Industry :: essays research papers GOOD FOODS INCORPORATED   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Good Food, Incorporated (GFI) is a company founded on the belief that children can grow up healthier and live longer if they are fed a natural, nutritionally balanced diet starting earlier in life. GFI’s goal is to increase awareness of this link between diet and health.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Good Food Industry was a start up business with three principals presently involved in its development. GFI’s principals have researched and developed a line of unique children’s food products based on the holistic health concept. The holistic concept, which health food consumer determined was widely accepted among adult consumers of health foods, was new to child-care field. Hence GFI planned to take advantage of the opportunities for market development and penetration that its principals were confident exists. GFI also believed that the existing baby-food industry paid only cursory attention to providing high quality, nutrition products, and that the limited number of truly healthy and nutritious baby foods created a market void that GFI could successfully fill.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Market Research During its market research phase, GFI engaged â€Å"Vick Product Sales Research Corporation† as its marketing and advertising consulting company. Vick prepared reports on industry trends for the traditional children’s food industry and healthy food industry.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vick’s market research showed that the United States was entering a â€Å"mini baby boom† that would increase the potential market base for its products. Health food products would approach the market place primarily through the health food stores and nature food centres in major supermarket chain stores, initially in the northwest and California. Acceptance of the GFI concept in these areas would enable The Company to expand to a national market. Market Definition   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  GFI planned to direct its efforts to the sale of its health care products through the health food retail outlets and natural food centres located within major supermarkets. Geographically, the company would initially direct its efforts in two key areas: Northeast, especially around New York City: and particularly in the Reno, Nevada and Sacramento, California area. Both areas had a high concentration of adult health food consumers who GFI had found, through market research and analysis, to be most receptive to health concepts for children. According to this market research the specific target markets that GFI would approach through these outlets were: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Parents who were concerned about their health and their children’s health and who thus demand higher quality and more nutritionally lanced foods and products. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Operators of child-care centres who provide meals to children.

Othello :: essays research papers fc

Elliot, T.S. Ã’The Hero Cheering Himself Up.Ó Shakespeare and the Stoicism of Seneca. ED. Leonard F. Dean, Thomas Y. Crowell Company, 1961. 153-155   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In T.S. ElliotÕs essay, Ã’The Hero Cheering Himself Up,Ó he takes the viewpoint that Othello is both influenced by and influences Seneca, the Roman philosopher and author of tragedies. Ã’It is not the Attitude of Seneca; but i is derived from SenecaÓ(153). He also compares Shakespeare to other authors such as Chapman and Marston, who he says were quite influenced by Seneca. The main thing that he says they have in common is the way that the heroes of their plays are dramaticized at the height of the tragedy. He does, however, state that it is his opinion that Shakespeare does this much better. He works it in to fit naturally with the human nature of his characters. Elliot states that the final speech of Othello is the most Ã’terrible exposure of human weakness- of universal weaknessÓ(153. He says that this speech is usually read quite superficially, but when one looks deeper, he can see that Othello is trying to cheer himself up. He wants to escape reality and think only of himself. He does this because thinking good of yourself, in ElliotÕs opinion, is one of the easiest things to do. Elliot also compares the death of Othello to the deaths of some ShakespeareÕs other heroes- mainly Antony and Coriolanus. H believes that these deaths were also strongly influenced by Seneca. Gray, Garry Ã’IagoÕs MetamorphosisÓ Iago. Ed. Harold Bloom, Chelsea House, 1992. 212-218   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Garry GrayÕs essay, Ã’IagoÕs Metamorphosis,Ó is based on the belief that society does not allow for or encourage personal individualization. He states that ShakespeareÕs Othello is concerned with this issue. This is mainly expressed through the character of Iago. he goes through a metamorphosis in the play. He starts out being socially dominated, and ends up being in a state of total psychological freedom. GrayÕs opinion is that this allows him the opportunity to victimize and exploit others. Gray also believes that Shakespeare is attempting to express his own opinion that one has to conform to a socially accepted behavior in order to attain a goal, such as when Iago wanted a promotion. Gray points out, however, that conforming to these socially accepted rules for behavior does not always result in achievement of a goal. He therefore believes that the reason for IagoÕs metamorphosis was bitterness and frustration.

Lesson 8 Key Question Essay

To begin Viewing and critiquing King Lear Act III scene ii, Directed by Richard Ouzounian, written by William Shakespeare, I noticed that overall the production is good, but there are some weaknesses that could be better if a little afford applied and similarly, there are strength that gives the production good features. I watch the scene and I found out that the strengths and weakness of the production are equally analyzable. First I would like to critique the weaknesses in the production: in my point of view, the scene decoration, characters costumes and the severity of storm could be better if a little more afford applied—by blowing up some stuff like leaves, sticks or show the wind whaling wildly and dancing like tornedo and also dressing Lear in most King’s interesting costumes. Also the character that plays the role of King Lear could be older than the current character because he is not old enough to stir up audience emotional. In addition, if the character of fool bertried in thinner guy than current one, it would be more suitable because usually when you imaging a fool, you can see a very quick little guy. Soundly, in the production there are strengths as well –such as intonation, pausing, emphasis, volume, facial expression, and body language. The character of King Lear by applying above techniques used to convey and show relationships between himself, fool, Kent, God; and his stage of madness. For example, when he says, â€Å" Blow winds, and crack your cheeks† (III ii 5) he is look up ward to the sky and it conveys that he is talking to his Lord. Or in other point, he gives hugs and kisses fool â€Å"Come on, my boy. How dost, my boy? Art cold? Which show his new understanding of poor world and his relationship with them. His Voice volume emphasises that he is struggling to keep his sanity. He takes pausing by holding his knees, which shows how the real storm groaning insight him mind and he exposes himself to the weather which show that because of his insight pain he does not feel the outer pain. His restless movement is convincing the audience of his downfall realization. Therefore, by taking inconsideration the above elements, I think this production is consisting of both—weakness and strength, which overall made convention. Support question 11 characters| Scene iv| Edgar (poor Tom)| â€Å"I used to be an honorable devoted servant who curled his hair, wore his mistress’s glove in his hat as a token of her affection, and slept with his mistress whenever she wanted. I swore oaths with every other word out of my mouth, and broke the oaths shamelessly. I used to dream of having sex and wake up to do it. I loved wine and gambling, and had more women than a Turkish sultan keeps in his harem. I was disloyal and violent†¦..† Summary: Edgars’ speeches show the nature of life in the current fallen state if Lear universe. | King Lear| â€Å"O Regan, Goneril, Your old kind father, whose frank heart gave all—Oh, that way madness lies. / Let me shun that.†Summary: even dough Lear’s unexpected and sudden downfall brought him to the statue of insanity; he tries and straggles to stay saint. â€Å"What, has his daughters brought him to this pass?—Couldst thou save nothing? Wouldst thou give ’em all?â⠂¬ (60) Summary: Lear correctly realized his mistake that cause his downfall and he says this to Edgar in very unconscious situation, which shows that he still sees the world in a distorted lens.â€Å"is man no more than this?†¦.Thou ow’st the worm no silk, the beast no/ hide, the sheep no wool, the cat no perfume† (105-107)Summary: Lear is curiously asks the basic question about man’s true nature: as who are we really? He has a new vision of humanity.| fool| This cold night will turn us all to fools and madmen.(78-79)Summary: fool’s speech suggests that—life may never redeem; Lear may have to endure a fallen state permanently.â€Å"prithee, Nuncle, be contented, ‘tis a naughty/ night to swim in† (112-113)Summary: the fool advice Lear to stay warm, otherwise he may literally get cold and die in a story night. | characters| Scene vi| Edgar (poor Tom)| â€Å"When we our betters see bearing our woes,/We scarcely think our miseries our foes./†¦. How light and portable my pain seems now/.. Which makes me bend makes the king bow. / When false opinion, whose wrong thought defiles thee, / In thy just proof repeals and reconciles thee†¦..† (110-115)Summary: By watching the king’s downfall, Edgar got the courage and power to fight for his right and against those who victimize him.â€Å"Tom will throw his head at them.—Avaunt, you curs! /Tooth that poisons if it bite,/Mastiff, greyhound, mongrel grim,/Tom will chase them off.—Go away, you mongrels!/Whether you bite to kill,/Mastiff, greyhound, or ugly mutt,† (65) Summary: Edgar will survive by taking his and Lear’s revenge from their enemies and it doesn’t matter for Edgar that how much their enemies are powerful, and dangerous.| King Lear| â€Å"I’ll see their trial first. Bring in the evidence./(to EDGAR) Thou robà ¨d man of justice, take thy place./(to FOOL) And thou, his yoke-fellow of equity,Bench by his side./(to KENT) â€Æ'You are o’ th’ commission./Sit you too†.(35-40)Summary: showing that a wise king should follow the trial, conference with his wise advisers—read carefully and then issue it. So that be able to judge fairly and stay stable and avoid downfall. Tray, Blanch, and Sweetheart—see, they bark at me.Look at the three little dogs, Tray, Blanch, and Sweetheart—all barking at me.60-65| fool| â€Å"No, he’s a yeoman that has a gentleman to his son, for he’s a mad yeoman that sees his son a gentleman before him.† (10-15)Summary: fool is continuing to remind King Lear of his folly while sending the message to the audience—the Elizabethan was smart that she did not give her power to any gentleman before she is achieved her distinction.

Carbon dioxide Essay

Do not economise outside the box around each page or on sportsmanlike pages. ? Do every(prenominal) rough train in this book. Cross through every work you do not pauperization to be marked. Information The marks for questions ar shown in brackets. ? The maximum mark for this composing is 45. ? You ar expected to use a calculator where appropriate. ? You are reminded of the need for cheeseparing English and clear presentation in your answers. ? Advice ? In all calculations, show intelligibly how you work out your answer. (Jan12CHy1H01) K76507 6/6/6 CHY1H 2 Answer all questions in the spaces contributed. Do not release outside the box 1 fossil oil diesel is a fuel make from crude oil. Biodiesel is a fuel do from vegetable oils. To make biodiesel, large areas of push down are needed to grow crops from which the vegetable oils are extracted. Large areas of forest are cleared by burning the trees to provide more land for growing these crops. forsake as forest Forest unwrap food Burn the trees Grow crops cook biodiesel 1 (a) 1 (a) (i) Use this randomness and your knowledge and understanding to answer these questions. coke neutral means that there is no increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Student Stress

Todays students are faced with galore(postnominal) ch entirelyenges, many additional pressures, and numerous punctuatees. high school creates a variety of difficulties and challenges for teens but on average their primary(prenominal) stresses are school make for, personal problems and term consuming Jobs. Teens catch come out of the closet themselves under far too much pressure. existence a teenager Is typically thought of as a fun and free age In life, but Its turning Into a nerve-wracking bound in a persons life. Most teens set a goal of doing well in school to regain to their dream job or Just erupt themselves.Many classes receive short and quick, teachers buzz through crestics and units meteoric than most can comprehend. Still, the teachers and parents expect you to be fitting to achieve high school marks on tests and assignments. The take a shit load is enormous. Every class you are expect to do an hour or two of cooking every night and finding the time is pen up to impossible. Most programs at university expect a high 80 percent average. For roughly it comes easy, others, a vast challenge. Expectations from universities and parents can add more stress on to your already trustful school life.I personally feel as If school has gotten a lot harder since our parents figureed. Since they had a grade 13, an extra year to prepare and learn. This inwardness that everything taught within five years Is now squeezed Into four. teaching at a quicker pace is a lot more difficult than having an extra year. High school impacts a students life for the rest of their educational path. Along with many hours at school, most students ca-ca a part time Job to attend right after school. Work conflicts with school and the work load.I personally have a art time Job and after on the job(p) 5-6 hours after school, homework is the last thing on my mind. Many teens get jobs to gain independence from their parents and stand on their cause financially. How ever there is also the reality of support post-secondary education. University tuitions are expensive and have been rising throughout the years. Some the dream of university is all based just about grades but the finances too. Saving up and working hard at school Is extremely stressful and hard to find a balance mingled with school, work and a cordial life.Students need time to relax and moieties thats hard to find. I get extremely stressed whenever I have work and heretofore the smallest amount of homework, so I can unaccompanied imagine how it is for grade twelve working all the time with gigantic amounts of homework. Working as a teenager is stressful and adding homework on top of that can be unbelievable. Personal problems are a reality for near everyone. But for teenagers its harder to handle delinquent to social media, bullying and parents. Social media has been a huge toll on many of my friends.The drama that surrounds social media can be tolling on a students incine ration. seclusion is a thing of a past with almost every personal problem now cosmos slew on social media sights. This has happened to everyone at some point in high school, either beingness bullied on or off social media. level(p) If its not In school, family stresses can dramatically meeting your day or your attentiveness In and out of school. High school is stressful from the start, but the stress accumulates as the years go important that students be able to recognize this stress and deal with it forrader it becomes overwhelming.

Summary notes Billy elliot

drive benefaction viewing audience with the realities of being several(predicate) changing pre-conceptions towards themes of sex and grammatical gender finished a tale of a upstart boy traffic with these issues Encour shape ups credence and interruption scanty from separates colligate to Into the World adolescent multitude boast index to jump on against evil and subordinate obstacles to amaze a triumph as they choke into matureness E. G. baton reluctantly participate in case to enrapture his sire (obstacles) 0 by nature worn to concert dance which is contrasted to Tonys violent, recalcitrant timbre (e. screaming diorama where Tony attempts to ring the police force and Is flummoxd and beaten) with wands restrained and loving paradigm to state unlike slipway In which newborn plurality convert Into adulthood. billy goat does non get together the manly stereotype judge from the working(a) relegate sexual love of medical special ty and saltation that separates him from opposite boys his age His aspiration is to by chance drop the angry, beatless family done Mrs.. Wilkinson prompting for the kinglike concert dance School. He responds to the passing of his fuss with grief, contend the angry, unplum retire espouses of Tony and Jackie.He experiences effortful situations for an 11 category obsolete though responds with courage, petulance and determination. This affirms Mrs.. Wilkinson advice that Its not round what you ingest intercourse Its more or less how you move, how you express yourself, backwash of billy clubs experiences of ontogenesis up and pitiful into the manhood ar commanding and ostracize despotic Achieves his dying to be a social dancer and castigate the restrictions of the congested townspeople damaging criticism of schoolmates and family 0 mustiness wipe out his passion from the worldThe quietlyforte that belonged to billysticks mother acts as a sign of promise and making water for billy goat E. G. Jackie yells at billy goat to spare playing, betoken the detrimental electrical shock that his fathers peevishness depart have on billy goat in his seek for beauty. E. G. When Jackie cuts up the indulgent for firewood on Christmas, Billy asks Do you think of shell take heed? chuck out it Billy, shes dead. Here, the destruction of the piano symbolizes Billys undone hopes to elude through with(predicate) euphony and dance.Music master(prenominal) medicament genre exhaust hood quake to capture feelings of angst and defeat towards meagreness ND disfavor they experienced welfare come on careen is include when Billy succeeds creating savor of tempestuousness e. G. covert the ballet property beneath the bed Non-dietetic euphony utilize to symbolic representation vary in Billy e. G. leap through the streets with ballet slippers about his neck, paralleling former images of him with case gloves also posi tioned, unite with pick up unison 0 spay in mental attitude and instruction in smell for Billy. dietary music apply to assign Billys growth delight e.